Reliquary Casket: Pseudo-Turpin panel: camp outside Pamplona
From a series of panels depicting the 'Pseudo-Turpin' legend of Charlemagne's conquest of Spain, on the upper part of his reliquary casket at Aachen. His army has camped outside Pamplona and besieged it. Here the soldiers' spears, set into the ground, have flowered as a divine sign of victory to come.